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class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u7cfb\u9010\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u91cd\u70b9\u7531\u4fbf\u5229\u7ed3\u7b97\u8f6c\u5411\u7efc\u5408\u6cbb\u7406<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u533b\u7597\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u53ca<sup>[4]<\/sup>\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u6743\u76ca\u643a\u5e26<sup>[5]<\/sup>\u3001\u533b\u4fdd\u57fa\u91d1\u5b89\u5168<sup>[6]<\/sup>\u7b49\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5927\u4f53\u5f62\u6210\u5907\u6848\u3001\u5f85\u9047\u3001\u7ed3\u7b97\u3001\u652f\u4ed8\u548c\u76d1\u7ba1\u4e94\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u653f\u7b56\u91cd\u5fc3\u6b63\u7531\u63d0\u9ad8\u7ed3\u7b97\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u9010\u6b65\u8f6c\u5411\u63d0\u5347\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u6cbb\u7406\u6548\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5907\u6848\u65b9\u9762<\/strong>\uff0c\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u5458\u8de8\u7701\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u56fd\u5bb6\u533b\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5e73\u53f0APP\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5907\u6848\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u53c2\u4fdd\u5730\u7ecf\u529e\u673a\u6784\u7a97\u53e3\u7b49\u6e20\u9053\u529e\u7406\u5907\u6848\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u4eac\u6d25\u5180\u63a2\u7d22\u533a\u57df\u5185\u65e0\u9700\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5907\u6848\u624b\u7eed<sup>[7]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5907\u6848\u4fbf\u5229\u5316\u6539\u9769\u6301\u7eed\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u4e0e\u57fa\u91d1\u7ba1\u7406\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u8981\u6c42\u540c\u6b65\u63a8\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5f85\u9047\u65b9\u9762<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u57fa\u672c\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u5c31\u533b\u5730\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u53c2\u4fdd\u5730\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5c31\u533b\u5730\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u6307\u652f\u4ed8\u8303\u56f4\u6309\u7167\u5c31\u533b\u5730\u4e09\u5927\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u7684\u836f\u54c1\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u8bca\u7597\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u533b\u7597\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u65bd\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u76f8\u5173\u89c4\u5b9a\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u53c2\u4fdd\u5730\u653f\u7b56\u662f\u6307\u8d77\u4ed8\u7ebf\u3001\u62a5\u9500\u6bd4\u4f8b\u548c\u5c01\u9876\u7ebf\u7b49\u62a5\u9500\u89c4\u5219\u6267\u884c\u53c2\u4fdd\u5730\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669<sup>[8]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7ed3\u7b97\u65b9\u9762<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5df2\u7531\u201c\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u5148\u884c\u57ab\u4ed8\u3001\u56de\u53c2\u4fdd\u5730\u624b\u5de5\u62a5\u9500\u201d\u8f6c\u5411\u201c\u5907\u6848\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u7b97\u201d<sup>[9]<\/sup>\u3002\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u65f6\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u53ea\u9700\u652f\u4ed8\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d1f\u62c5\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u533b\u4fdd\u57fa\u91d1\u652f\u4ed8\u90e8\u5206\u7531\u7ecf\u529e\u673a\u6784\u4e0e\u5b9a\u70b9\u533b\u836f\u673a\u6784\u7ed3\u7b97\u30022024\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u8de8\u7701\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u7b97\u60e0\u53ca\u53c2\u4fdd\u7fa4\u4f172.38\u4ebf\u4eba\u6b21\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u7fa4\u4f17\u8d44\u91d1\u57ab\u4ed81947.25\u4ebf\u5143<sup>[10]<\/sup>\uff0c\u653f\u7b56\u6210\u6548\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u652f\u4ed8\u65b9\u9762\uff0c<\/strong>\u65e9\u671f\u8de8\u7701\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u8d39\u7528\u533b\u4fdd\u57fa\u91d1\u652f\u4ed8\u90e8\u5206\u5b9e\u884c\u5730\u533a\u95f4\u5148\u9884\u4ed8\u540e\u6e05\u7b97\uff0c\u6e05\u7b97\u6309\u7167\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u4e00\u6e05\u5206\u3001\u7701\u5e02\u4e24\u7ea7\u6e05\u7b97\u3001\u6309\u6708\u5168\u989d\u6e05\u7b97\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f00\u5c55\uff0c\u652f\u4ed8\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u6309\u9879\u76ee\u4ed8\u8d39\u4e3a\u4e3b<sup>[11]<\/sup>\u30022024\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u660e\u786e\u8981\u6c42\u9010\u6b65\u63a8\u8fdb\u7701\u5185\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u4f4f\u9662\u8d39\u7528\u7eb3\u5165DRG\/DIP\u7ba1\u7406<sup>[12,13]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u76d1\u7ba1\u65b9\u9762<\/strong>\uff0c\u653f\u7b56\u6301\u7eed\u5f3a\u5316\u5c31\u533b\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u534f\u540c\u76d1\u7ba1\u3002\u5c31\u533b\u5730\u7ecf\u529e\u673a\u6784\u5c06\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u60a3\u8005\u7eb3\u5165\u672c\u5730\u540c\u8d28\u5316\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u8d39\u7528\u7eb3\u5165\u667a\u80fd\u5ba1\u6838\u3001\u65e5\u5e38\u76d1\u7ba1\u548c\u4e13\u9879\u68c0\u67e5\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8054\u5408\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u5927\u6570\u636e\u7b5b\u67e5\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u9632\u8303\u57fa\u91d1\u98ce\u9669<sup>[14]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u6211\u56fd\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u7ba1\u7406\u4ecd\u9762\u4e34\u8f83\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u6311\u6218<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5907\u6848\u4fbf\u5229\u5316\u4e0e\u5206\u7ea7\u8f6c\u8bca\u8854\u63a5\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u9700\u6c42\u5feb\u901f\u91ca\u653e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\u6211\u56fd\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5907\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u603b\u4f53\u8f83\u4e3a\u5bbd\u677e\u3002\u5728\u63d0\u5347\u7fa4\u4f17\u5c31\u533b\u53ef\u53ca\u6027\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u8f7b\u75c7\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed5\u5f00\u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u4fdd\u5730\u533b\u7597\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6d41\u5411\u5f02\u5730\u9ad8\u7b49\u7ea7\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u975e\u5fc5\u8981\u5f02\u5730\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u9ad8\u94c1\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u533b\u7597\u7b49\u53d1\u5c55\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u5df2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5373\u65f6\u7ed3\u7b97\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u7b97\u7b49\u653f\u7b56\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u5c45\u6c11\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u9700\u6c42\u4ea7\u751f\u989d\u5916\u8bf1\u5bfc\u6548\u5e94<sup>[15,16]<\/sup>\uff1b\u4e2a\u522b\u5730\u533a\u201c\u514d\u5907\u6848\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u5b9e\u65bd\u540e\uff0c\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u804c\u4fdd\u60a3\u8005\u4eba\u6570\u660e\u663e\u589e\u957f<sup>[17]<\/sup>\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5907\u6848\u4fbf\u5229\u5316\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u82e5\u5206\u7ea7\u8bca\u7597\u3001\u8f6c\u8bca\u5ba1\u6838\u548c\u652f\u4ed8\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b49\u8854\u63a5\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5f02\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u5229\u7528\u589e\u957f\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u9ad8\u57fa\u91d1\u652f\u51fa\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u5267\u4f18\u8d28\u533b\u7597\u8d44\u6e90\u4f9b\u9700\u77db\u76fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 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class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u63a8\u8fdb\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u5411<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5b8c\u5584\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u6fc0\u52b1\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u5f15\u5bfc\u60a3\u8005\u6709\u5e8f\u6d41\u52a8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u575a\u6301\u4fbf\u5229\u7fa4\u4f17\u4e0e\u89c4\u8303\u7ba1\u7406\u5e76\u91cd\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5206\u7c7b\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5bf9\u5f02\u5730\u957f\u9a7b\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u5c31\u533b\u5730\u539f\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u5e38\u89c4\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b\u5bf9\u5f02\u5730\u8f6c\u8bca\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u8f6c\u8bca\u8f6c\u9662\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u533b\u7597\u673a\u6784\u8d44\u8d28\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u89c4\u8303\u8f6c\u8bca\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u975e\u6025\u8bca\u3001\u975e\u7591\u96be\u91cd\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u52a0\u5f3a\u5408\u7406\u6027\u5ba1\u6838\u3002\u7edf\u7b79\u8fd0\u7528\u652f\u4ed8\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u62a5\u9500\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7b49\u653f\u7b56\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574\u6fc0\u52b1\u673a\u5236\u5f15\u5bfc\u60a3\u8005\u4f18\u5148\u5728\u53c2\u4fdd\u5730\u6216\u57fa\u5c42\u533b\u7597\u673a\u6784\u5c31\u8bca\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u5e38\u89c1\u75c5\u3001\u591a\u53d1\u75c5\u56de\u5f52\u672c\u5730\u5c31\u533b\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f18\u8d28\u533b\u7597\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u5e8f\u4e0b\u6c89\u548c\u533a\u57df\u5747\u8861\u5e03\u5c40<sup>[20]<\/sup>\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5907\u6848\u4e0e\u6b27\u76df\u8de8\u5883\u5c31\u533b\u201c\u9884\u5148\u6388\u6743\u201d\uff08prior-authorization\uff09\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6b27\u76df\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u5f62\u6210\u201c\u6761\u4f8b+\u6307\u4ee4\u201d\u53cc\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5c06\u6388\u6743\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u652f\u4ed8\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u7ed3\u7b97\u8def\u5f84\u6302\u94a9\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u8def\u5f84\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u6761\u4f8b\u4e0b\u8ba1\u5212\u6027\u8de8\u5883\u5c31\u533b\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u4e8b\u5148\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u5176\u9075\u5faa\u5c31\u533b\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u53c2\u4fdd\u56fd\u4e0e\u5c31\u533b\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u7b97\uff1b\u6b27\u76df\u6307\u4ee4\u4e0b\u4e00\u822c\u65e0\u9700\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u4f4f\u9662\u3001\u9ad8\u6210\u672c\u3001\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u670d\u52a1\u9700\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u5176\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u53c2\u4fdd\u56fd\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u53c2\u4fdd\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u201d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u60a3\u8005\u9884\u4ed8\u8d39\u7528\u540e\u62a5\u9500<sup>[21]<\/sup>\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u4e5f\u53ef\u5bf9\u8ba1\u5212\u6027\u4f4f\u9662\u3001\u9ad8\u8d39\u7528\u8bca\u7597\u3001\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u8f6c\u8bca\u7b49\u60c5\u5f62\u5f3a\u5316\u4e8b\u524d\u5ba1\u6838\u548c\u652f\u4ed8\u89c4\u5219\u8854\u63a5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 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class=\"wp-block-heading\">Abstract<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><br>With increasing cross-regional population mobility, growing demand for elderly care among migrant populations, and the strengthened agglomeration effect of high-quality medical resources, cross-regional medical care has shifted from a temporary and individualized need to a routine governance issue within the medical security system. From 2019 to 2024, the number of cross-regional medical visits in China, including general outpatient and emergency visits, outpatient services for chronic and special diseases, and inpatient services, increased from 98 million to 397 million, while corresponding medical expenditures rose from RMB 436.1 billion to RMB 786.774 billion. In 2024, direct settlement of interprovincial cross-regional medical expenses benefited 238 million insured individuals nationwide and reduced advance payments by RMB 194.725 billion.Direct settlement for cross-regional medical care has effectively reduced the advance-payment burden and reimbursement costs for insured individuals. However, the separation of the place where medical services are delivered, the place where benefit entitlements are determined, and the place where fund liability is borne has created new problems and challenges for cross-regional medical care management in areas such as benefit coordination, payment adaptation, fund balance, and cross-regional regulation. Based on a review of China\u2019s policy progress in cross-regional medical care across five dimensions\u2014filing and registration, benefit entitlement, settlement, payment, and supervision\u2014this paper draws on domestic and international experience and proposes policy recommendations to improve the classified management of cross-regional medical care, strengthen benefit coordination, accelerate payment reform, and enhance monitoring and collaborative regulation. These recommendations aim to better adapt medical insurance governance to the new context of population mobility while safeguarding fund security and institutional equity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u53e3\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u6d41\u52a8\u3001\u968f\u8fc1\u517b\u8001\u9700\u6c42\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u4f18\u8d28\u533b\u7597\u8d44\u6e90\u96c6\u805a\u6548\u5e94\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5df2\u7531\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u3001\u4e2a\u4f53\u6027\u9700\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u6001\u5316\u6cbb\u7406\u4e8b\u9879\u30022019-2024\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u666e\u901a\u95e8\u6025\u8bca\u3001\u95e8\u8bca\u6162\u7279\u75c5\u53ca\u4f4f\u9662\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5c31\u8bca\u4eba\u6b21\u75310.98\u4ebf\u589e\u81f33.97\u4ebf\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u8d39\u7528\u75314361\u4ebf\u5143\u589e\u81f37867.74\u4ebf\u5143\uff1b2025\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u4f4f\u9662\u8d39\u7528\u8de8\u7701\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u7b971582.30\u4e07\u4eba\u6b21\uff0c\u95e8\u8bca\u8d39\u7528\u8de8\u7701\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u7b972.92\u4ebf\u4eba\u6b21\u3002\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u7b97\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u53c2\u4fdd\u7fa4\u4f17\u57ab\u8d44\u548c\u62a5\u9500\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u751f\u5730\u3001\u5f85\u9047\u786e\u5b9a\u5730\u4e0e\u57fa\u91d1\u8d23\u4efb\u5730\u76f8\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u7ba1\u7406\u5728\u5f85\u9047\u8854\u63a5\u3001\u652f\u4ed8\u9002\u914d\u3001\u57fa\u91d1\u5e73\u8861\u548c\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u76d1\u7ba1\u7b49\u9762\u4e34\u65b0\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u65b0\u6311\u6218\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5728\u68b3\u7406\u6211\u56fd\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5728\u5907\u6848\u3001\u5f85\u9047\u3001\u7ed3\u7b97\u3001\u652f\u4ed8\u53ca\u76d1\u7ba1\u7b49\u4e94\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u653f\u7b56\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u5b8c\u5584\u5f02\u5730\u5c31\u533b\u5206\u7c7b\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u52a0\u5f3a\u5f85\u9047\u8854\u63a5\u3001\u52a0\u5feb\u652f\u4ed8\u65b9\u5f0f\u6539\u9769\u3001\u5065\u5168\u76d1\u6d4b\u53ca\u534f\u540c\u76d1\u7ba1\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u9002\u5e94\u4eba\u53e3\u6d41\u52a8\u65b0\u5f62\u52bf\u4e0b\u7684\u533b\u4fdd\u6cbb\u7406\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u57fa\u91d1\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u516c\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":16785,"template":"","class_list":["post-16784","hprg-pub","type-hprg-pub","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hprg-pub\/16784","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hprg-pub"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/hprg-pub"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16785"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}