{"id":18175,"date":"2026-08-24T10:28:18","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T02:28:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/?post_type=hprg-pub&p=18175"},"modified":"2026-08-24T10:30:33","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T02:30:33","slug":"declining-enrollment-in-chinas-urban-rural-resident-basic-medical-insurance-policy-responses-issue-7","status":"publish","type":"hprg-pub","link":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/zh-hans\/hprg-pub\/declining-enrollment-in-chinas-urban-rural-resident-basic-medical-insurance-policy-responses-issue-7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6211\u56fd\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u4e0b\u964d\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u5bf9\u7b56\u7814\u7a76"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u201d\uff09\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u652f\u67f1\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8986\u76d6\u672a\u53c2\u52a0\u804c\u5de5\u533b\u4fdd\u7684\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u969c\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u5206\u62c5\u75be\u75c5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u63a8\u8fdb\u5168\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u4f5c\u7528\u30022026\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u5370\u53d1\u7684\u300a\u56fd\u6c11\u5065\u5eb7\u201c\u5341\u4e94\u4e94\u201d\u89c4\u5212\u300b\u660e\u786e\u8981\u6c42\u201c\u5de9\u56fa\u62d3\u5c55\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u8986\u76d6\u9762\uff0c\u5065\u5168\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u7b79\u8d44\u548c\u5f85\u9047\u8c03\u6574\u673a\u5236\u201d\u3001\u201c\u51cf\u8f7b\u53c2\u4fdd\u8005\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d39\u7528\u8d1f\u62c5\u201d\u30022026\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u533b\u4fdd\u5c40\u5370\u53d1\u300a\u5168\u6c11\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u201c\u5341\u4e94\u4e94\u201d\u89c4\u5212\u300b\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u5341\u4e94\u4e94\u201d\u671f\u95f4\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u53c2\u4fdd\u7387\u6bcf\u5e74\u4fdd\u6301\u572895%\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u7a33\u5b9a\u91cd\u70b9\u4eba\u7fa4\u53c2\u4fdd\u3001\u5de9\u56fa\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u5341\u4e94\u4e94\u201d\u65f6\u671f\u5168\u6c11\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u5236\u5ea6\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8bae\u9898[1,2]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u89c4\u6a21\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u6301\u7eed\u6536\u7f29\uff0c\u4e0e\u804c\u5de5\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u589e\u957f\u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u201c\u804c\u5de5\u589e\u3001\u5c45\u6c11\u51cf\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u5206\u5316\u65e5\u76ca\u660e\u663e\u3002\u5df2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u672a\u53c2\u4fdd\u53ca\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u56f0\u96be\u66f4\u591a\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u3001\u591a\u4eba\u53e3\u3001\u8001\u5e74\u548c\u6536\u5165\u5c31\u4e1a\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\u53d8\u5316\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u4e2a\u4eba\u53c2\u4fdd\u610f\u613f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d1f\u62c5\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u5236\u5ea6\u4fdd\u969c\u6761\u4ef6\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u5b9e\u884c\u653f\u5e9c\u8865\u52a9\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u7b79\u8d44\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u8d22\u653f\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u653f\u5e9c\u8865\u52a9\u548c\u56f0\u96be\u7fa4\u4f17\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8d44\u91d1\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5584\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d44\u52a9\u653f\u7b56\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5236\u5ea6\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f46\u5730\u533a\u8d22\u529b\u3001\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u4eba\u53e3\u8001\u9f84\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u5404\u5730\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d44\u52a9\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u8d1f\u62c5\u4e0d\u5747\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u6700\u65b0\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5b9a\u989d\u7f34\u8d39\u3001\u8001\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\u6536\u5165\u4fdd\u969c\u3001\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u8d44\u52a9\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5bf9\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u7a33\u5b9a\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5de9\u56fa\u62d3\u5c55\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u8986\u76d6\u9762\uff1a\u65b0\u5f62\u52bf\u4e0b\u7684\u65b0\u6311\u6218<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u53c2\u4fdd\u89c4\u6a21\u6301\u7eed\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u56e0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5f53\u524d\u6211\u56fd\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u603b\u4f53\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u8986\u76d6\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4f46\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u6301\u7eed\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u533b\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u65b0\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/strong>\u4ece\u53c2\u4fdd\u89c4\u6a21\u770b\uff0c2019\u20142025\u5e74\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u8fde\u7eed7\u5e74\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u7531\u7ea610.25\u4ebf\u4eba\u964d\u81f39.42\u4ebf\u4eba\uff0c\u7d2f\u8ba1\u51cf\u5c11\u7ea68300\u4e07\u4eba\uff1b\u540c\u671f\uff0c\u804c\u5de5\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u7531\u7ea63.29\u4ebf\u4eba\u589e\u81f33.89\u4ebf\u4eba\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u7ea66000\u4e07\u4eba\uff08\u56fe1\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u804c\u5de5\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u4e0d\u62b5\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u56fd\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u603b\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u57282021\u5e74\u8fbe\u5230\u7ea613.6\u4ebf\u4eba\u7684\u5cf0\u503c\u540e\u6301\u7eed\u56de\u843d[3,4]<\/sup>\u3002\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u52b3\u52a8\u5e74\u9f84\u4eba\u53e3\u6301\u7eed\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b49\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ed3\u6784\u8f6c\u578b\u5bf9\u6b63\u89c4\u5c31\u4e1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u804c\u5de5\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u7684\u589e\u957f\u5c06\u8d8b\u7f13\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u8f6c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6216\u5c06\u9762\u4e34\u66f4\u5927\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ece\u8986\u76d6\u6c34\u5e73\u770b\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u533b\u4fdd\u5c40\u300a2025\u5e74\u5168\u56fd\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u4e8b\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7edf\u8ba1\u516c\u62a5\u300b\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u622a\u81f32025\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd133069.39\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u201c\u53c2\u4fdd\u7387\u5de9\u56fa\u572895%\u201d[3]<\/sup>\u3002\u4f46\u516c\u62a5\u4e2d95%\u7684\u53c2\u4fdd\u7387\u7cfb\u6309\u201c\u5e94\u53c2\u4eba\u6570\u201d\u53e3\u5f84*<\/sup>\u6d4b\u7b97\uff0c\u5982\u6309\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4f30\u7b97[5]<\/sup>\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u201c\u4f30\u8ba1\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u201d\u75312021\u5e74\u768496.5%\u964d\u81f32025\u5e74\u768494.7%\uff0c\u7d2f\u8ba1\u4e0b\u964d1.8\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea2023\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u8fde\u5e74\u4f4e\u4e8e95%\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u56fd\u529e\u53d1\u63d0\u51fa\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u6fc0\u52b1\u548c\u96f6\u62a5\u9500\u6fc0\u52b1\u673a\u5236\u540e\uff0c2025\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u964d\u5e45\u660e\u663e\u6536\u7a84\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u6301\u7eed\u4e0b\u964d\u8d8b\u52bf\u5c1a\u672a\u6839\u672c\u626d\u8f6c[6]<\/sup>\u3002\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u89c4\u6a21\u6301\u7eed\u6536\u7f29\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u80fd\u524a\u5f31\u98ce\u9669\u5171\u6d4e\u548c\u57fa\u91d1\u4e92\u52a9\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u589e\u52a0\u5236\u5ea6\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u957f\u671f\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u98ce\u9669[7]<\/sup>\u3002\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53c2\u4fdd\u6d41\u5931\u5e76\u975e\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u6536\u5165\u548c\u5c31\u4e1a\u7ed3\u6784\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bc6\u522b[8]<\/sup>\u3002\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u6807\u51c6\u6301\u7eed\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u5c45\u6c11\u6536\u5165\u589e\u901f\u653e\u7f13\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u8001\u9f84\u5316\u52a0\u5feb\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u5c31\u4e1a\u89c4\u6a21\u6269\u5927\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u7684\u53ef\u8d1f\u62c5\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u9010\u6b65\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u4e0b\u6587\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u540c\u7fa4\u4f53\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u7ea6\u675f\u53ca\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u56fe 1. 2019-2025\u5e74\u6211\u56fd\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u53d8\u5316<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce8\uff1a<\/strong>\u200b \u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u300a2019\u20142025\u5e74\u5168\u56fd\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u4e8b\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7edf\u8ba1\u516c\u62a5\u300b\u3002\u53c2\u4fdd\u7387\u6309\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u603b\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u9664\u4ee5\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u4f30\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u672a\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u7fa4\u66f4\u591a\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8106\u5f31\u548c\u4fdd\u969c\u8584\u5f31\u7fa4\u4f53<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u6d41\u5931\u66f4\u591a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u3001\u591a\u4eba\u53e3\u3001\u6536\u5165\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u6c34\u5e73\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead<\/strong>[9]<\/sup>\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u8c03\u67e5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u67d0\u5e02\u672a\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c58.67%\u7684\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u6708\u6536\u5165\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc72000\u5143\uff0c36.67%\u5c06\u201c\u7f34\u8d39\u6c34\u5e73\u8f83\u9ad8\u201d\u5217\u4e3a\u672a\u53c2\u4fdd\u539f\u56e0[10]<\/sup>\u3002\u6e56\u5357\u7701\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u5c402024\u5e74\u7684\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a\uff0c74.4%\u7684\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u5c06\u201c\u6536\u5165\u8f83\u5c11\u3001\u7f34\u8d39\u56f0\u96be\u201d\u5217\u4e3a\u9996\u8981\u56e0\u7d20[11]<\/sup>\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u672a\u53c2\u4fdd\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0e\u5bb6\u5ead\u6536\u5165\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u652f\u4ed8\u80fd\u529b\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7fa4\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u5f02<\/strong>\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u548c\u591a\u4eba\u53e3\u5bb6\u5ead\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u5bb6\u5ead\u603b\u7f34\u8d39\u8d1f\u62c5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd[7,12]<\/sup>\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u517b\u8001\u4fdd\u9669\u5f85\u9047\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u9762\u4e34\u533b\u4fdd\u7740\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u4e0a\u6da8\u4e0e\u6536\u5165\u589e\u957f\u6709\u9650\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8001\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\u53c2\u4fdd\u7387\u4f1a\u968f\u7f34\u8d39\u6807\u51c6\u63d0\u9ad8\u800c\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u5176\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u5bf9\u7f34\u8d39\u6c34\u5e73\u8f83\u4e3a\u654f\u611f[13]<\/sup>\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u4f4e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u7279\u56f0\u4eba\u5458\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u56f0\u96be\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u53c2\u4fdd\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8f83\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d44\u52a9\u80fd\u5426\u53ca\u65f6\u3001\u5145\u5206\u843d\u5b9e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5730\u533a\u95f4\u8d44\u52a9\u6807\u51c6\u80fd\u5426\u8986\u76d6\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u56f0\u96be[14]<\/sup>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u6536\u5165\u6ce2\u52a8\u8f83\u5927\u3001\u5c31\u4e1a\u72b6\u6001\u9891\u7e41\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u5c31\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5df2\u53ef\u5728\u5c31\u4e1a\u5730\u6216\u5e38\u4f4f\u5730\u53c2\u4fdd[15]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u4e34\u7f34\u8d39\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u8fde\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u538b\u529b[16,17]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u56e0\u7d20<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u8f83\u5feb\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5b9a\u989d\u7b79\u8d44\u7684\u7d2f\u9000\u6027\u9010\u6b65\u663e\u73b0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u5b9e\u884c\u5b9a\u989d\u7f34\u8d39\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u6807\u51c6\u6301\u7eed\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u7fa4\u4f53\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u8d1f\u62c5\u5dee\u5f02\u65e5\u76ca\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/strong>\u4ece2003\u5e74\u65b0\u578b\u519c\u6751\u5408\u4f5c\u533b\u7597\u5236\u5ea6\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u5230\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u5236\u5ea6\u9010\u6b65\u6574\u5408\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u519c\u6751\u5c45\u6c11\u4e2a\u4eba\u6700\u4f4e\u7f34\u8d39\u6807\u51c6\u7531\u6bcf\u4eba\u6bcf\u5e7410\u5143\u63d0\u9ad8\u81f32025\u5e74\u7684400\u5143\uff08\u56fe2\uff09\u3002\u540c\u671f\uff0c\u519c\u6751\u5c45\u6c11\u6536\u5165\u867d\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u5360\u6536\u5165\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u4ecd\u660e\u663e\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u65b0\u519c\u5408\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u666e\u904d\u5efa\u7acb\u519c\u6751\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u8d44\u52a9\u8d2b\u56f0\u519c\u6c11\u53c2\u52a0\u65b0\u519c\u5408\uff0c\u5373\u514d\u8d39\u53c2\u4fdd\u3002\u800c\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u5360\u519c\u6751\u5c45\u6c11\u4eba\u5747\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6536\u5165\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u75312003\u5e74\u7684\u7ea60.4%\u5347\u81f32024\u5e74\u7684\u7ea61.7%\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u519c\u6751\u5c45\u6c11\u53c2\u4fdd\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d1f\u62c5\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6536\u5165\u5206\u7ec4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5b9a\u989d\u7f34\u8d39\u5bf9\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u519c\u6751\u6700\u4f4e\u6536\u516520%\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u5360\u5176\u4eba\u5747\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6536\u5165\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u75312003\u5e74\u7684\u7ea61.2%\u5347\u81f32024\u5e74\u76847.4%\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u6700\u9ad8\u6536\u516520%\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u8be5\u6bd4\u4f8b\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f4e\u4e8e1%\uff08\u56fe2\uff09\u3002\u8d22\u653f\u8865\u52a9\u6807\u51c6\u540c\u671f\u6301\u7eed\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u589e\u5e45\u4f4e\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u30022019\u20142025\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u6807\u51c6\u7531250\u5143\u63d0\u9ad8\u81f3400\u5143\uff0c\u589e\u957f60%\uff1b\u8d22\u653f\u8865\u52a9\u6807\u51c6\u7531520\u5143\u63d0\u9ad8\u81f3700\u5143\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u7ea635%[3,18]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u589e\u957f\u5feb\u4e8e\u8d22\u653f\u8865\u52a9\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u7b79\u8d44\u8d23\u4efb\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5bb6\u5ead\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u653e\u5927\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u591a\u540d\u53c2\u4fdd\u6210\u5458\u7684\u519c\u6751\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u6309\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u5c06\u7d2f\u79ef\u4e3a\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u603b\u652f\u51fa\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6cb3\u5317\u4e00\u4e2a\u56db\u81f3\u516b\u4eba\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u5168\u5bb6\u5e74\u5ea6\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d39\u7528\u53ef\u8fbe1600\u20143000\u5143\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u63a5\u8fd1\u90e8\u5206\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u4f1a\u653e\u5927\u6309\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u7b79\u8d44\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0[19]<\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u5b9e\u884c\u5e74\u5ea6\u7f34\u8d39\u3001\u53c2\u4fdd\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u81ea\u4e3b\u9009\u62e9\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u6da8\u53ef\u80fd\u524a\u5f31\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u548c\u591a\u4eba\u53e3\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e2d\u65ad\u53c2\u4fdd\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u56fe2 . \u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u8d1f\u62c5\u53d8\u5316\uff082003-2024\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce8\uff1a<\/strong>2003\u20142015\u5e74\u91c7\u7528\u65b0\u578b\u519c\u6751\u5408\u4f5c\u533b\u7597\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u6807\u51c6\uff0c2016\u5e74\u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u91c7\u7528\u6574\u5408\u540e\u7684\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u201c\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u7ec4\u201d\u548c\u201c\u9ad8\u6536\u5165\u7ec4\u201d\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u519c\u6751\u5c45\u6c11\u6536\u5165\u4e94\u7b49\u5206\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u548c\u6700\u9ad8\u6536\u5165\u7ec4\uff0c\u8d8b\u52bf\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u5360\u76f8\u5e94\u6536\u5165\u7ec4\u5e74\u4eba\u5747\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6536\u5165\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u3002\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u536b\u751f\u5065\u5eb7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u5c40\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6700\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u53ca\u7edf\u8ba1\u5e74\u9274\uff1b\u56e02025\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\u6536\u5165\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u5c1a\u672a\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u622a\u81f32024\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u4e0e\u4fdd\u8d39\u7684\u201c\u526a\u5200\u5dee\u201d\u6324\u538b\u8001\u5e74\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u53c2\u4fdd\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8f83\u4e3a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5b9a\u989d\u7f34\u8d39\u8981\u6c42\u4e0e\u5730\u533a\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u517b\u8001\u4fdd\u969c\u6c34\u5e73\u76f8\u53e0\u52a0\uff0c\u4f7f\u90e8\u5206\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u660e\u663e\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u7f34\u8d39\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6b20\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u7a33\u5b9a\u8001\u5e74\u7fa4\u4f53\u53c2\u4fdd\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u3002<\/strong>\u5982\u56fe3\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7701\u4efd\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u7684\u5e74\u7f34\u8d39\u989d\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u6708\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6570\u500d\u3002\u5409\u6797\u7701\u7684\u5e74\u7f34\u8d39\u989d\u7ea6\u4e3a\u5f53\u5730\u6708\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u7684266.2%\uff0c\u9655\u897f\u7701\u7ea6\u4e3a245.4%\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u4ec5\u4f9d\u9760\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u62ff\u51fa\u8fd1\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u624d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u533b\u4fdd\u7f34\u8d39\u3002\u867d\u7136\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u5e76\u975e\u8001\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5bb6\u5ead\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u5e74\u5ea6\u4fdd\u8d39\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7f34\u7eb3\uff0c\u5360\u5176\u5b9a\u671f\u73b0\u91d1\u6536\u5165\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u72ec\u5c45\u3001\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u6216\u5bb6\u5ead\u652f\u6301\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u4e34\u66f4\u5927\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5df2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2a\u4eba\u5e74\u7f34\u8d39\u8d85\u8fc7450\u5143\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u8001\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\u53c2\u4fdd\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u964d\u81f390%\u4ee5\u4e0b[13]<\/sup>\u3002\u8be5\u7ed3\u679c\u867d\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5916\u63a8\u81f3\u5168\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u63d0\u793a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u6301\u7eed\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u80fd\u524a\u5f31\u90e8\u5206\u8001\u5e74\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u53c2\u4fdd\u53ef\u8d1f\u62c5\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u589e\u52a0\u53c2\u4fdd\u4e2d\u65ad\u98ce\u9669[9]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u660e\u663e\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u591a\u6570\u7701\u4efd\uff0c\u5e74\u7f34\u8d39\u989d\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6708\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u7684\u4e24\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u7b49\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5e74\u7f34\u8d39\u989d\u4ec5\u4e3a\u6708\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u768450%\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u4e24\u7c7b\u5730\u533a\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u7f34\u8d39\u8d1f\u62c5\u76f8\u5dee\u7ea64\u500d\u3002\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7f34\u8d39\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u5dee\u5f02\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u6c34\u5e73\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6b20\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u7684\u8001\u5e74\u7fa4\u4f53\u627f\u53d7\u7740\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7f34\u8d39\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\u5df2\u5f00\u59cb\u63a2\u7d22\u8001\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u7f34\u8d39\u51cf\u514d\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c71\u4e1c\u6ed5\u5dde\u5bf960\u201469\u5468\u5c81\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u5b9e\u884c\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u51cf\u534a\uff0c\u5bf970\u5468\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u5b9e\u884c\u5168\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\uff1b\u5c71\u897f\u6c81\u6e90\u5219\u5c06\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u5168\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\u8303\u56f4\u6269\u5927\u81f360\u5468\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8001\u5e74\u4eba[20,21]<\/sup>\u3002 \u5730\u65b9\u5b9e\u8df5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5316\u7f34\u8d39\u652f\u6301\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8d8a\u5357\u6cb3\u5185\u4e5f\u5df2\u5c06100%\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u8d39\u652f\u6301\u8303\u56f4\u6269\u5927\u81f360\u5468\u5c81\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u9488\u5bf9\u8001\u5e74\u7fa4\u4f53\u5b9e\u884c\u66f4\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d44\u52a9\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5b9e\u8df5\u57fa\u7840[22]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u56fe3. 2025-2026\u5e74\u5ea6\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u4e0e\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u6708\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff08\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce8\uff1a<\/strong>\u200b \u533b\u4fdd\u7f34\u8d39\u4e3a2026\u5f85\u9047\u5e74\uff082025\u5e74\u79cb\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f81\u7f34\uff09\u666e\u901a\u5c45\u6c11\u6807\u51c6\uff1b\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u6570\u989d\u6307\u519c\u6751\u5c45\u6c11\u6bcf\u6708\u53ef\u9886\u53d6\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\uff08\u4e0d\u542b\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d26\u6237\u548c\u9ad8\u9f84\u8865\u8d34\uff09\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u75282025\u5e747\u67081\u65e5\u8d77\u6267\u884c\u53e3\u5f84\u3002\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u5404\u5730\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u7edf\u8ba1\u516c\u62a5\u53ca\u8d22\u653f\u3001\u4eba\u793e\u90e8\u95e8\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u6570\u503c\u7b49\u4e8e\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u5e74\u5ea6\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u91d1\u989d\/\u6708\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1*100%\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u5730\u533a\u5dee\u5f02\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u5bf9\u56f0\u96be\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u515c\u5e95\u80fd\u529b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u73b0\u884c\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56f0\u96be\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d44\u52a9\u6807\u51c6\u4e0d\u4e00\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u8d44\u52a9\u6bd4\u4f8b\u53ca\u4e2a\u4eba\u5b9e\u9645\u7f34\u8d39\u6c34\u5e73\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u5dee\u522b<\/strong>\u3002\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u5236\u5ea6\u4e3a\u56f0\u96be\u7fa4\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53c2\u4fdd\u7f34\u8d39\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u73b0\u884c\u653f\u7b56\u6839\u636e\u56f0\u96be\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5b9e\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u5bf9\u7279\u56f0\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u5b64\u513f\u7b49\u91cd\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\u901a\u5e38\u7ed9\u4e88\u5168\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u56f0\u96be\u7fa4\u4f53\u5219\u5b9e\u884c\u90e8\u5206\u8d44\u52a9\u3002\u7701\u7ea7\u653f\u7b56\u4e00\u822c\u660e\u786e\u8d44\u52a9\u5bf9\u8c61\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u6700\u4f4e\u8d44\u52a9\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u53ef\u7ed3\u5408\u5730\u65b9\u8d22\u529b\u8ffd\u52a0\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u4f46\u53d7\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u8d22\u653f\u80fd\u529b\u5dee\u5f02\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u8d44\u52a9\u6bd4\u4f8b\u53ca\u4e2a\u4eba\u5b9e\u9645\u7f34\u8d39\u6c34\u5e73\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u5dee\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u56fe4\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u7fa4\u4f53\u4ec5\u9700\u7f34\u7eb380\u5143\u5373\u53ef\u53c2\u4fdd\uff08\u5982\u6cb3\u5357\u90d1\u5dde\uff0c\u7ea6\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u7f34\u8d39\u768420%\uff09\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u8d35\u5dde\u3001\u7518\u8083\u7b49\u897f\u90e8\u7701\u4efd\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u88ab\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u201c\u9700\u8981\u6551\u52a9\u201d\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u4ecd\u9700\u7f34\u7eb3\u7ea6300\u5143\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6807\u51c6\u7f34\u8d39\u768470%-75%\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u53c2\u4fdd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95e8\u69db\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u5176\u6240\u5728\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u76f8\u5dee\u6570\u500d\u3002\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u5b9e\u884c\u5e74\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u7f34\u8d39\uff0c\u8d44\u52a9\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u5bb6\u5ead\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u4e34\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5f53\u671f\u652f\u4ed8\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd[23]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6551\u52a9\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u8fd8\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u6551\u52a9\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8ba4\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u4e0a\u3002<\/strong>\u4ee5\u5929\u6d25\u5e02\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fb9\u7f18\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u5bb6\u5ead\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u8fbe90%\u7684\u7f34\u8d39\u8865\u8d34\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u798f\u5dde\u5e02\uff0c\u540c\u7c7b\u5bb6\u5ead\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u4fdd\u8865\u8d34\uff08\u56fe4\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u533a\u57df\u95f4\u7684\u4e0d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u5236\u5ea6\u96be\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u201c\u515c\u5e95\u7ebf\u201d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56e0\u533b\u7597\u652f\u51fa\u589e\u52a0\u3001\u6536\u5165\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7b49\u539f\u56e0\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u96be\u4f46\u5c1a\u672a\u8fbe\u5230\u4e25\u683c\u6551\u52a9\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u5176\u53c2\u4fdd\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u56fe 4.2025-2026\u5e74\u5ea6\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u8106\u5f31\u7fa4\u4f53\u8865\u8d34\u8986\u76d6\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce8\uff1a<\/strong>\u6570\u636e\u6574\u7406\u81ea\u5404\u7701\u3001\u5e02\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u5c40\u53d1\u5e03\u76842025-2026\u5e74\u5ea6\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u53c2\u4fdd\u7f34\u8d39\u653f\u7b56\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8865\u8d34\u540e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a\u533a\u95f4\u503c\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u7279\u56f0\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u4f4e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u4f4e\u4fdd\u8fb9\u7f18\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458\u3001\u9632\u6b62\u8fd4\u8d2b\u76d1\u6d4b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u56e0\u75c5\u81f4\u8d2b\u91cd\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u7b49\uff09\u4eab\u53d7\u5206\u7c7b\u8d44\u52a9\u540e\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0b\u9650\uff080\u5143\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u5bf9\u5e94\u7279\u56f0\u4eba\u5458\uff08\u5168\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\uff09\uff0c\u4e0a\u9650\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4e\u4fdd\u8fb9\u7f18\u5bb6\u5ead\u6216\u76d1\u6d4b\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5b9a\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5df2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u4f4e\u4e8e\u519c\u6751\u5c45\u6c11\u4eba\u5747\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6536\u516540%-50%\u7684\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5206\u7c7b\u8d44\u52a9\u519c\u6751\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u53e3\u53c2\u4fdd\u6240\u9700\u8d44\u91d1\u7ea6\u4e3a119\u4ebf\u2014206\u4ebf\u5143\uff0c\u660e\u663e\u4f4e\u4e8e\u5168\u90e8\u5168\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\u6240\u9700\u7684289\u4ebf\u2014413\u4ebf\u5143[7]<\/sup>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u91c7\u7528\u519c\u6751\u5c45\u6c11\u6536\u5165\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u5212\u5b9a\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5168\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u8ba4\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u6d4b\u7b97\u4ecd\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5206\u6863\u8d44\u52a9\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6269\u5927\u53d7\u76ca\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u517c\u987e\u8d22\u653f\u53ef\u627f\u53d7\u6027\u3002\u6240\u9700\u8d44\u91d1\u53ef\u7531\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u8d22\u653f\u5171\u540c\u627f\u62c5\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u8d22\u529b\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u53ca\u8d22\u653f\u56f0\u96be\u5730\u533a\u9002\u5f53\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e2d\u592e\u8d22\u653f\u5206\u62c5\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e09\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\u9762\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5efa\u8bae<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u6301\u7eed\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u7edf\u4e00\u5b9a\u989d\u7b79\u8d44\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5c45\u6c11\u6536\u5165\u5206\u5316\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9002\u914d\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4e5f\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u56f0\u96be\u7fa4\u4f53\u53c2\u4fdd\u652f\u6301\u548c\u8d22\u653f\u4fdd\u969c\u673a\u5236\u4ecd\u6709\u5b8c\u5584\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7a33\u5b9a\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4ece\u5b8c\u5584\u56f0\u96be\u7fa4\u4f53\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d44\u52a9\u3001\u51cf\u8f7b\u519c\u6751\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u8d1f\u62c5\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u8d22\u653f\u4fdd\u969c\u673a\u5236\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5b8c\u5584\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u957f\u6548\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(\u4e00) \u5bf9\u4f4e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u884c\u96f6\u81ea\u4ed8\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u53e3\u5b9e\u884c\u5206\u6863\u8d44\u52a9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u56fd\u5df2\u5bf9\u7279\u56f0\u4eba\u5458\u53c2\u52a0\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u7f34\u8d39\u5b9e\u884c\u5168\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\u3001\u5bf9\u4f4e\u4fdd\u4eba\u5458\u6309\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e\u4fdd\u9669\u7f34\u8d3960%\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c06\u4f4e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u8c61\u7edf\u4e00\u7eb3\u5165\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39<\/strong>\u201c\u96f6\u81ea\u4ed8\u201d\u8303\u56f4<\/strong>\uff0c\u7531\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u8d44\u91d1\u5148\u884c\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u4f4e\u56f0\u96be\u7fa4\u4f17\u56e0\u7f34\u8d39\u8d1f\u62c5\u5bfc\u81f4\u65ad\u4fdd\u3001\u8131\u4fdd\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u5c1a\u672a\u7eb3\u5165\u4f4e\u4fdd\u7684\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u53c2\u4fdd\u7f34\u8d39\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u5168\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\u3002\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u53ef\u6309\u5168\u56fd\u5c45\u6c11\u4eba\u5747\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6536\u5165\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u6536\u5165\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u201d\uff09\u7684<\/strong>60%\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/strong>\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u5bb6\u5ead\u5206\u4e09\u6863\u5b9e\u884c\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u5168\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\uff1a\u5bf9\u5bb6\u5ead\u4eba\u5747\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6536\u5165\u4f4e\u4e8e\u6536\u5165\u4e2d\u4f4d\u657040%\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88100%\u7684\u7f34\u8d39\u8d44\u52a9\uff1b\u5bf9\u6536\u5165\u6c34\u5e73\u5728\u4e2d\u4f4d\u657040%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u300150%\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca50%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u300160%\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7ed9\u4e8875%\u548c50%\u7684\u7f34\u8d39\u8d44\u52a9\u3002\u7701\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u53ef\u7ed3\u5408\u5730\u533a\u7269\u4ef7\u3001\u8d22\u653f\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u73b0\u6709\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u53e3\u8ba4\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\u9002\u5f53\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4f9d\u6258\u6c11\u653f\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u53e3\u52a8\u6001\u76d1\u6d4b\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u533b\u4fdd\u3001\u6c11\u653f\u3001\u7a0e\u52a1\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u7b49\u90e8\u95e8\u4fe1\u606f\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u514d\u7533\u5373\u4eab\u548c\u5e74\u5ea6\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u7559\u4e2a\u4eba\u7533\u8bf7\u4e0e\u590d\u6838\u6e20\u9053\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u56e0\u63d0\u9ad8\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d44\u52a9\u6c34\u5e73\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u65b0\u589e\u652f\u51fa\uff0c\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u7b80\u5355\u589e\u52a0\u57fa\u5c42\u8d22\u653f\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u5bf9\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u65b9\u8d22\u653f\u786e\u6709\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u7701\u4efd\uff0c\u7531\u7701\u7ea7\u8d22\u653f\u4e0e\u4e2d\u592e\u8d22\u653f\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e13\u9879\u8f6c\u79fb\u652f\u4ed8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5b8c\u5584\u8001\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u7f34\u8d39\u51cf\u514d\u653f\u7b56<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u5e74\u6ee160\u5468\u5c81\u3001\u9886\u53d6\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u517b\u8001\u4fdd\u9669\u5f85\u9047\u3001\u672a\u53c2\u52a0\u804c\u5de5\u533b\u4fdd\u4e14\u672a\u4eab\u53d7\u53c2\u4fdd\u5168\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u8001\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u51cf\u534a\uff1b\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d70\u5468\u5c81\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u53ef\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u8d44\u52a9\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5177\u5907\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5730\u533a\u53ef\u5b9e\u884c\u5168\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\u3002<\/strong>\u4f18\u5148\u5728\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u5e74\u5ea6\u7f34\u8d39\u8d85\u8fc7\u5f53\u5730\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u7684\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u5f00\u5c55\u8bd5\u70b9\uff0c\u5dee\u989d\u7531\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u7701\u7ea7\u8d22\u653f\u5206\u6863\u5206\u62c5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u5b9e\u884c\u5e74\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u7f34\u8d39\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6536\u5165\u4e0e\u7f34\u8d39\u589e\u957f\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5bf9\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u5f62\u6210\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u73b0\u91d1\u6d41\u538b\u529b\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u804c\u5de5\u533b\u4fdd\u5e76\u8fbe\u5230\u89c4\u5b9a\u7f34\u8d39\u5e74\u9650\u7684\u9000\u4f11\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u9000\u4f11\u540e\u4e0d\u518d\u7f34\u7eb3\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u8d39\uff0c\u800c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u517b\u8001\u4fdd\u9669\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8001\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\u5728\u9886\u53d6\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u540e\u4ecd\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u7f34\u7eb3\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d39\u7528\u3002\u51cf\u8f7b\u8001\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u7f34\u8d39\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e0d\u540c\u533b\u4fdd\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u9000\u4f11\u4eba\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7f34\u8d39\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u653f\u7b56\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4f9d\u6258\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u517b\u8001\u4fdd\u9669\u3001\u533b\u4fdd\u548c\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\u5f00\u5c55\u81ea\u52a8\u6bd4\u5bf9\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u514d\u7533\u5373\u4eab\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u653f\u7b56\u5b9e\u65bd\u6548\u679c\u8bc4\u4f30\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8001\u5e74\u5c45\u6c11\u53c2\u4fdd\u7387\u3001\u8d22\u653f\u652f\u51fa\u548c\u5730\u533a\u4fdd\u969c\u6c34\u5e73\u53d8\u5316\u9010\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\u8d44\u52a9\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e2d\u592e\u8d22\u653f\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e8b\u6743\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u8d22\u653f\u5206\u62c5\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7f34\u8d39\u51cf\u514d\u548c\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d44\u52a9\u653f\u7b56\u8981\u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0e\u5730\u533a\u8d22\u529b\u76f8\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u4fdd\u969c\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/strong>\u73b0\u884c\u5236\u5ea6\u5df2\u5c06\u57ce\u4e61\u5c45\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u8865\u52a9\u548c\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u660e\u786e\u4e3a\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u5171\u540c\u8d22\u653f\u4e8b\u6743\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u91cd\u70b9\u4e0d\u5b9c\u7b80\u5355\u5c06\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u8f6c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u592e\u5355\u4e00\u4e8b\u6743\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b9c\u5b9e\u884c\u5168\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u5206\u62c5\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f3a\u5316\u4e2d\u592e\u8d22\u653f\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5747\u8861\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0e\u7701\u7ea7\u8d22\u653f\u5206\u6863\u5206\u62c5\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u73b0\u6709\u8f6c\u79fb\u652f\u4ed8\u5236\u5ea6\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\u8d44\u91d1\u5206\u914d\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u8001\u9f84\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u5c45\u6c11\u7f34\u8d39\u8d1f\u62c5\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u8d22\u653f\u56f0\u96be\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u8d44\u91d1\u9700\u6c42\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u8001\u9f84\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u5730\u533a\u53ca\u8d22\u653f\u56f0\u96be\u5730\u533a\u9002\u5f53\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e2d\u592e\u8d22\u653f\u5206\u62c5\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5730\u65b9\u8d22\u653f\u80fd\u529b\u5dee\u5f02\u5bf9\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d44\u52a9\u653f\u7b56\u843d\u5b9e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d22\u653f\u786e\u6709\u56f0\u96be\u3001\u96be\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u627f\u62c5\u65b0\u589e\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d44\u52a9\u652f\u51fa\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5e94\u7531\u7701\u7ea7\u8d22\u653f\u7edf\u7b79\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u7701\u7ea7\u76f8\u5173\u8f6c\u79fb\u652f\u4ed8\u8d44\u91d1\u7ed9\u4e88\u91cd\u70b9\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u65b0\u589e\u4fdd\u969c\u8d23\u4efb\u7b80\u5355\u4e0b\u538b\u81f3\u5e02\u53bf\u8d22\u653f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u8d23\u4efb\u5206\u5de5\u4e0a\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c42\u9762\u5e94\u660e\u786e\u4f4e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u8c61\u53c2\u4fdd\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u96f6\u81ea\u4ed8\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u53e3\u5206\u6863\u8d44\u52a9\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42\uff1b\u7701\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u7edf\u4e00\u5236\u5b9a\u8d44\u52a9\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u7edf\u7b79\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u7701\u7ea7\u8d22\u653f\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u786e\u5b9a\u7701\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5206\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb\uff1b\u5e02\u53bf\u653f\u5e9c\u91cd\u70b9\u8d1f\u8d23\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6838\u9a8c\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u843d\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3a\u843d\u5b9e\u300a\u5168\u6c11\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u201c\u5341\u4e94\u4e94\u201d\u89c4\u5212\u300b\u5173\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u201c\u5341\u4e94\u4e94\u201d\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5e94\u5c06\u4e2d\u592e\u8d22\u653f\u5747\u8861\u8c03\u8282\u4e0e\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u7701\u7ea7\u7edf\u7b79\u534f\u540c\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u5f3a\u5316\u5747\u8861\u3001\u7701\u7ea7\u7edf\u7b79\u8d44\u91d1\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u843d\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u683c\u5c40\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u9002\u5ea6\u4e0a\u79fb\u7b79\u8d44\u548c\u8d22\u653f\u7edf\u7b79\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u5168\u9762\u53c2\u4fdd\u3001\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5168\u6c11\u5065\u5eb7\u8986\u76d6\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abstract<\/p>\n\n\n\n

China’s basic medical insurance governance has increasingly shifted from expanding coverage to stabilising enrolment, improving the quality of participation, and strengthening financing arrangements. Nevertheless, enrolment in the Urban\u2013Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URRBMI) scheme has continued to decline, posing a growing challenge to the sustainability of universal health coverage. Although China’s basic medical insurance system still covers approximately 1.33 billion people, URRBMI enrolment fell from about 1.02 billion in 2019 to 942 million in 2025\u2014a cumulative decline of about 83 million. Based on the total population, the estimated national basic medical insurance coverage rate has also fallen below 95% in recent years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Drawing on statistical data, policy documents, and published literature, this policy analysis examines changes in URRBMI enrolment and identifies three structural factors underlying the decline. First, flat-rate contributions have increasingly generated regressive financial burdens, disproportionately affecting low-income rural households. Second, rising premiums have outpaced the income growth of many older adults who rely primarily on modest basic pensions, reducing the affordability of continued enrolment. Third, substantial regional variation in both the generosity and eligibility criteria of medical assistance subsidies has weakened financial protection for vulnerable populations. Policy options include full premium subsidies for recipients of the minimum living allowance, graduated subsidies for other low-income groups, reduced premium contributions for low-income rural older adults, and strengthened central fiscal equalisation together with improved central\u2013local financing arrangements for the URRBMI scheme. These measures could help stabilise enrolment and strengthen the equity and long-term sustainability of universal health coverage during China’s 15th Five-Year Plan period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

*\u201c\u5e94\u53c2\u4eba\u6570”\u53e3\u5f84\u89c1\u533b\u4fdd\u529e\u51fd\u30142023\u301541\u53f7\uff0c\u5373\u53c2\u4fdd\u7387=\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u00f7\u5f53\u5730\u4e0a\u5e74\u5ea6\u5e38\u4f4f\u4eba\u53e3\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u533b\u4fdd\u5c40\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u53c2\u4fdd\u7387\u5747\u6309\u6b64\u53e3\u5f84\u6d4b\u7b97\uff0c\u4f46\u5386\u5e74\u516c\u62a5\u5e76\u672a\u516c\u5f00\u5168\u56fd\u5e94\u53c2\u4eba\u6570\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u53e3\u5f84\u5728\u8de8\u5e74\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e2d\u66f4\u5177\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u6838\u9a8c\u6027\uff0c\u4e14\u5df2\u6709\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\u91c7\u7528\u6b64\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53e3\u5f84\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u5e74\u672b\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5206\u6bcd\u4f30\u7b97\u5404\u5e74\u5ea6\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u4f30\u8ba1\u8986\u76d6\u7387\uff0c\u8be5\u4f30\u8ba1\u503c\u4e0e\u5b98\u65b9\u53c2\u4fdd\u7387\u5206\u6bcd\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f5c\u8d8b\u52bf\u53c2\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u6301\u7eed\u63a8\u8fdb\u8fde\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u6fc0\u52b1\u3001\u5e38\u4f4f\u5730\u53c2\u4fdd\u548c\u7b79\u8d44\u673a\u5236\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u6cbb\u7406\u91cd\u70b9\u6b63\u7531\u6269\u5927\u8986\u76d6\u8f6c\u5411\u7a33\u5b9a\u53c2\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\u9762\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u53c2\u4fdd\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u6301\u7eed\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5de9\u56fa\u5168\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u957f\u671f\u6cbb\u7406\u6311\u6218\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u76ee\u524d\u8986\u76d6\u7ea613.3\u4ebf\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u4eba\u6570\u75312019\u5e74\u768410.25\u4ebf\u4eba\u964d\u81f32025\u5e74\u76849.42\u4ebf\u4eba\uff0c\u7d2f\u8ba1\u51cf\u5c11\u7ea68300\u4e07\u4eba\uff1b\u6309\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u6d4b\u7b97\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u4fdd\u201c\u4f30\u8ba1\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u201d\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u4e5f\u964d\u81f395%\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u65e2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u53c2\u4fdd\u89c4\u6a21\u53ca\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u9a71\u52a8\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u5b9a\u989d\u7f34\u8d39\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u6536\u5165\u7fa4\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u660e\u663e\u7684\u7d2f\u9000\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u519c\u6751\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u8f83\u4f4e\u57fa\u7840\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u9762\u4e34\u5c24\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u7f34\u8d39\u53ef\u8d1f\u62c5\u6027\u538b\u529b\uff1b\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u6551\u52a9\u8d44\u52a9\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u8ba4\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u533a\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u5bf9\u8106\u5f31\u7fa4\u4f53\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u4fdd\u7684\u515c\u5e95\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u4f4e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u884c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f34\u8d39\u5168\u989d\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u53e3\u5b9e\u884c\u5206\u6863\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u5bf9\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u519c\u6751\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u4e13\u9879\u7f34\u8d39\u51cf\u514d\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e2d\u592e\u8d22\u653f\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e8b\u6743\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u5c45\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u8d22\u653f\u5206\u62c5\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63aa\u65bd\u53ef\u4e3a\u201c\u5341\u4e94\u4e94\u201d\u65f6\u671f\u5de9\u56fa\u5168\u6c11\u533b\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u53c2\u4fdd\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u653f\u7b56\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":18191,"template":"","class_list":["post-18175","hprg-pub","type-hprg-pub","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hprg-pub\/18175","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hprg-pub"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/hprg-pub"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalhealth.dukekunshan.edu.cn\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}